nginx Lua Web HTTP service#

Architecture#

nginxLuaWeb-Architecture-min

Redis+Twemproxy#

Redis Settings#

redis_6660.conf/redis_6661.conf

#分别为6660 6661
port 6660
#进程ID 分别改为redis_6660.pid redis_6661.pid
pidfile "/var/run/redis_6660.pid"
#设置内存大小,根据实际情况设置,此处测试仅设置20mb
maxmemory 20mb
#内存不足时,按照过期时间进行LRU删除
maxmemory-policy volatile-lru
#Redis的过期算法不是精确的而是通过采样来算的,默认采样为3个,此处我们改成10
maxmemory-samples 10
#不进行RDB持久化
save ""
daemonize yes
bind 192.168.1.110
appendonly yes
appendfilename "appendonly_6661.aof"

Twemproxy Settings#

vim /usr/servers/twemproxy-0.4.1/conf/nutcracker.yml

server1:
  listen: 192.168.1.110:1111
  hash: fnv1a_64
  distribution: ketama
  redis: true
  timeout: 1000
  servers:
   - 192.168.1.110:6660:1 server1
   - 192.168.1.110:6661:1 server2
nohup /usr/servers/redis-5.0.5/src/redis-server /usr/servers/redis-5.0.5/redis_6660.conf &
nohup /usr/servers/redis-5.0.5/src/redis-server /usr/servers/redis-5.0.5/redis_6661.conf &
/usr/servers/twemproxy-0.4.1/scripts/nutcracker.sh start
ps aux | grep -e redis -e nutcracker
/usr/servers/redis-5.0.5/src/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.110 -p 6660
/usr/servers/redis-5.0.5/src/redis-cli -h 192.168.1.110 -p 1111

MySQL+Atlas#

MySQL#

nginx-lua-web.sql

Atlas Installation#

Atlas文档

cd /usr/servers/software
wget https://github.com/Qihoo360/Atlas/releases/download/2.2.1/Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Atlas Configuration#

vi /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf

[mysql-proxy]
#Atlas代理的主库,多个之间逗号分隔
proxy-backend-addresses = 192.168.1.100:3306
#Atlas代理的从库,多个之间逗号分隔,格式ip:port@weight,权重默认1
#proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 192.168.1.100:3306,192.168.1.100:3306
#用户名/密码,密码使用/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/encrypt 123456加密
pwds = root:/iZxz+0GRoA=
#后端进程运行
daemon = true
#开启monitor进程,当worker进程挂了自动重启
keepalive = true
#工作线程数,对Atlas的性能有很大影响,可根据情况适当设置
event-threads = 64
#日志级别
log-level = message
#日志存放的路径
log-path = /usr/local/mysql-proxy/log
#实例名称,用于同一台机器上多个Atlas实例间的区分
instance = test
#监听的ip和port
proxy-address = 0.0.0.0:1234
#监听的管理接口的ip和port
admin-address = 0.0.0.0:2345
#管理接口的用户名
admin-username = admin
#管理接口的密码
admin-password = 123456
#分表逻辑
tables = nginx-lua-web.ad.sku_id.2
#默认字符集
charset = utf8

Running Atlas#

/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test start
/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test restart
/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test stop

Atlas Admin#

yum install mysql
mysql -h192.168.1.110 -P2345 -uadmin -p123456
select * from help;

Atlas Proxy#

mysql -h192.168.1.110 -P1234 -uroot -p123456
use nginx-lua-web;
insert into ad values(1, '测试1');
insert into ad values(2, '测试2');
insert into ad values(3, '测试3');
select * from ad where sku_id=1;
select * from ad where sku_id=2;
#通过如下sql可以看到实际的分表结果
select * from ad_0;
select * from ad_1;

Java+Tomcat#

Java#

vim ~/.bashrc
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_201
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
source ~/.bashrc

Tomcat#

cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.43/
rm -rf /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.43/webapps/*
cd /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.43/conf/Catalina/localhost/
vim ROOT.xml
<Context path="" docBase="/usr/servers/templates/default"></Context>
/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.43/bin/startup.sh
/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.43/bin/shutdown.sh

http://192.168.1.110:8080/index.html

#变更目录结构
cd /usr/servers/
cp -avx /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.43/ tomcat-8-foo
#此处创建两个tomcat实例
cp -avx /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.43/ tomcat-8-bar
vim /usr/servers/tomcat-8-bar/conf/server.xml
#如下端口进行变更
8080--->8090
8005--->8006
/usr/servers/tomcat-8-foo/bin/startup.sh
/usr/servers/tomcat-8-bar/bin/startup.sh
  • http://192.168.1.110:8080/index.html

  • http://192.168.1.110:8090/index.html

cd /usr/servers/templates/default/
unzip nginx-1.0.war
  • http://192.168.1.110:8080/ad?id=1

  • http://192.168.1.110:8090/ad?id=1

nginx Settings#

vi /usr/servers/nginx/conf/nginx_lua_web.conf: /backend/(.*)

upstream配置

  • server:指定上游到的服务器

  • weight:权重,权重可以认为负载均衡的比例

  • fail_timeout+max_fails:在指定时间内失败多少次认为服务器不可用,通过proxy_next_upstream来判断是否失败

  • check:ngx_http_upstream_check_module模块,上游服务器的健康检查

  • interval:发送心跳包的时间间隔

  • rise:连续成功rise次数则认为服务器up

  • fall:连续失败fall次则认为服务器down

  • timeout:上游服务器请求超时时间

  • type:心跳检测类型(比如此处使用tcp)

  • keepalive:用来支持upstream server http keepalive特性(需要上游服务器支持,比如tomcat)。默认的负载均衡算法是round-robin,还可以根据ip、url等做hash来做负载均衡

Tomcat keepalive配置

  • maxKeepAliveRequests:默认100

  • keepAliveTimeout:默认等于connectionTimeout,默认60秒

location proxy配置

  • rewrite:将当前请求的url重写,如我们请求时是/backend/ad,则重写后是/ad

  • proxy_pass:将整个请求转发到上游服务器

  • proxy_next_upstream:什么情况认为当前upstream server失败,需要next upstream,默认是连接失败/超时,负载均衡参数

  • proxy_pass_request_headers:之前已经介绍过了,两个原因:

    1. 假设上游服务器不需要请求头则没必要传输请求头

    2. ngx.location.capture时防止gzip乱码(也可以使用more_clear_input_headers配置)

  • keepalive_timeout:keepalive超时设置

  • keepalive_requests:长连接数量。此处的keepalive(别人访问该location时的长连接)和upstream keepalive(nginx与上游服务器的长连接)是不一样的;注意,如果服务是面向客户的,而且是单个动态内容就没必要使用长连接了

vi /usr/servers/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
include nginx_lua_web.conf;

http://192.168.1.110:8070/backend/ad?id=1

nginx+Lua#

  • nginx_lua_web.conf: ^/ad/(\d+)$

  • ad.lua

  • http://192.168.1.110:8070/ad/1

nginx -s reload
tail -fn 99 /usr/servers/nginx/logs/error.log
redis not found content, back to http, id : 2

Tips#

vi ~/.bashrc
export REDIS_HOME=/usr/servers/redis-5.0.5
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${NGINX_HOME}/sbin:${REDIS_HOME}/src:$PATH
Module HTTP Port Command or Url Start
Redis 6660/6661 redis-cli -h 192.168.1.110 -p 6660 nohup redis-server /usr/servers/redis-5.0.5/redis_6660.conf &
Twemproxy 1111 redis-cli -h 192.168.1.110 -p 1111 /usr/servers/twemproxy-0.4.1/scripts/nutcracker.sh start
MySQL 3306
Atlas Proxy 1234 mysql -h192.168.1.110 -P1234 -uroot -p123456 /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test start
Atlas Admin 2345 mysql -h192.168.1.110 -P2345 -uadmin -p123456
tomcat-8-foo 8080 http://192.168.1.110:8080/ad?id=1 /usr/servers/tomcat-8-foo/bin/startup.sh
tomcat-8-bar 8090 http://192.168.1.110:8090/ad?id=1 /usr/servers/tomcat-8-bar/bin/startup.sh
nginx 8070 http://192.168.1.110:8070/ad/1 nginx

References#